内蒙古林西—乌兰浩特地区二叠系极低级变质作用与生烃潜力     

李长海  李刚  王师捷  邵学峰  王颖  文恺  刘正宏 《地质力学学报》2020,26(2):271-284

极低级变质作用对年轻造山带构造演化和油气勘探有重要意义，近年来成为地质学家探讨的热点领域。文章以中国东北地区南缘石炭—二叠系为研究对象，探讨了其极低级变质作用的特征。通过对兴蒙造山带东段林西—乌兰浩特地区二叠纪地层的伊利石结晶度、b₀值和多型等参数进行测试分析发现，伊利石结晶度Kübler指数在0.175~0.47之间，大多数集中于0.25~0.35，平均值为0.30；样品b₀值主要在9.0155~9.0316 ?之间，平均值为9.0249 ?；伊利石多型主要为2M₁。以上结果表明研究区二叠系林西组和哲斯组主要经历了葡萄石-绿纤石相的极低级变质作用，变质温度200~370 ℃，压力为中压，同时表明其具有较高的生烃潜力。结合二叠系生烃期研究和区内广泛发育的白垩纪侵入体推测，二叠系极低级变质作用可能发生在早白垩世，且与岩体侵入导致的地温梯度升高有关。   相似文献   

准格尔煤田官板乌素6号煤层中煤矸石的矿物学特征研究          下载免费PDF全文

崔晓南  黄文辉  丁国平  敖卫华  周鸿璞  梁飞 《岩石矿物学杂志》2016,35(4):647-654

运用X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重-热流和扫描电镜等手段对准格尔矿区官板乌素煤矿主采6号煤层下部层位中煤矸石的矿物组成和微观形貌进行了系统研究。结果表明,煤矸石在官板乌素煤矿6号煤层下部层位中分布广泛,呈薄层状产出,主要矿物组成为高岭石,其次含有极少量的勃姆石等矿物。样品中SiO_2/Al_2O_3(摩尔比值)在2.00~2.10之间,接近高岭石族矿物理论比值,有害组分铁、钛含量相对较低。在扫描电镜下,可见煤矸石样品中高岭石单晶形态主要为六方片状,叠片状聚晶,晶片的片径多在5μm以下。该矿区煤矸石中的高岭石为结晶度较高的优质高岭岩,可用于生产陶瓷。  相似文献   

Evaluation of 40Ar/39Ar Geochronology of Authigenic Illites in Determining Hydrocarbon Charge Timing: A Case Study from the Silurian Bituminous Sandstone Reservoirs,Tarim Basin,China     

ZHANG Youyu  LIU Keyu  and LUO Xiuquan 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(2):684-703

The Silurian bituminous sandstones(SBS) in the Tarim Basin, China are important basinwide reservoirs with an estimated area of approximately 249000 km2. We investigated the ages of authigenic illites in the SBS reservoirs and constrained their formation timing by using the ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar step wise heating method. The age spectra, ~(39)Ar recoil loss and their controlling factors were investigated systematically. The ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar ages were compared with the conventional K/Ar ages of identical clay fractions. The clay in the SBS reservoirs is dominated by orderly mixed-layer illite/smectite(I/S) with 5%–30% smectite layers. The I/S minerals morphology comprises primarily honeycomb, short filamentous and curved-lath particles, characteristic of authigenic illites. The unencapsulated ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar total gas ages(UTGA) of the authigenic illites range from 188.56 ± 6.20 Ma to 491.86 ± 27.68 Ma, which are 7% to 103% older than the corresponding K/Ar ages of 124.87 ± 1.11 Ma to 383.45 ± 2.80 Ma, respectively. The K-Ar ages indicate multistage accumulations with distinct distribution patterns in the Tarim Basin: older(late Caledonian-early Hercynian) around the basin margin, younger(late Hercynian) in the basin centre, and the youngest(middle to late Yanshanian) in the Ha-6 well-block, central area of the North Uplift. The age difference is believed to have been caused by the ~(39)Ar recoil loss during the irradiation process. Compared with the K/Ar ages, the estimated ~(39)Ar recoil losses in this study are in the range from 7% to 51%. The ~(39)Ar recoil loss appears to increase not only with the decreasing particle sizes of the I/S, but also with increasing percentage of smectite layers(IR) of the I/S, and smectite layer content(SLC) of the samples. We conclude that due to significant ~(39)Ar recoil losses, UTGA may not offer any meaningful geological ages of the authigenic illite formation in the SBS and thus can not be used to represent the hydrocarbon charge timing. ~(39)Ar recoil losses during ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar dating can not be neglected when dating fine authigenic illite, especially when the ordered mixed-layer I/S containing small amount of smectite layers(IR30%) in the reservoir formations. Compared with the unencapsulated Ar-Ar method, the conventional K-Ar method is less complicated, more accurate and reliable in dating authigenic illites in petroleum reservoirs.  相似文献   

Diagenesis and Very Low‐grade Metamorphism of the Upper Permian Yangjiagou Formation in Eastern Changchun,China: Evidence from Clay Mineral Geothermobarometers     

HU Daqian  ZHAN Naichen  ZHANG Jingtong  LI Yang  SUN Guosheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):1053-1062

The metamorphic conditions of the Upper Permian Yangjiagou Formation in eastern Changchun, China, were evaluated based on the mineral assemblage, illite crystallinity, illite polytypism,the b dimension of illite, and the chemical composition of chlorite. The pelitic rocks in the Yangjiagou Formation are characterized by illite + kaolinite + chlorite ± mixed-layer chlorite/smectite and detrital quartz + plagioclase. Illite in the formation has a crystallinity of 0.38-0.55 and comprises mixed 2 M_1 and1 M_d polytypes, indicating a metamorphic temperature of 200℃. Based on the chemical composition of chlorite and the chlorite geothermometer, we estimated diagenetic to very low-grade metamorphic conditions with temperatures of 185℃～204℃. The b dimension of illite varies from 8.992 A to 9.005 A.We used a mathematical algorithm to extend Guidotti and Sassi's(1986) diagram relating illite b dimension with temperature and pressure, and used this diagram, together with illite crystallinity and chlorite chemical composition, to semi-quantitatively estimate the formation pressure at1.2 kbar. These reveal that the Yangjiagou Formation has experienced very low-grade metamorphism.  相似文献   

Porosity preservation due to grain coating illite/smectite: Evidence from Buchan Formation (Upper Devonian) of the Ardmore Field,UK North Sea     

Longxun Tang  Jon Gluyas  Stuart Jones 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):202-214

The Buchan Formation sandstone reservoirs from the Ardmore Field in the UK Central North Sea are fluvial-aeolian deposits and provide examples of porosity preservation in deeply-buried reservoirs (2.7–3.2?km) caused by grain-coating illite/smectite (I/S). Here, high reservoir quality commonly correlates with the occurrence of grain-coating I/S and consequent inhibition of quartz cementation in the aeolian dune and interdune sandstones. Porosity is lower in fluvial sandstones lacking grain coating I/S but with intense quartz overgrowths. We propose that the presence of I/S reflects concentration of the smectitic-rich clay bearing water which would have been the deposits of the interdune and/or distal sector of fluvial distributary system, and were introduced into aeolian deposits by mechanical infiltration. Petrographic relationships indicate that these coatings grew mainly before the mechanical compaction as the clays occur at grain contacts. The use of empirical model suggested that about 6–7% porosity have been preserved. The burial-thermal history of the Ardmore area contributed to the high quality reservoir because throughout much of the time since deposition, the Devonian sandstones have been little buried. Only from the Palaeogene the reservoir temperatures exceeded about 70?°C and rapidly buried to today’s maximum depth, which have minimized the negative effect generally ascribed to smectitic clays on reservoir quality. The circumstances of porosity preservation shown in this study may be unusual, but nonetheless have profound consequences for exploration. It is possible to identify new Buchan Formation prospects in areas hitherto dismissed because they were generally assumed to be poor reservoir.  相似文献   

Illite Crystallinity Mapping of Very Low Grade Metamorphism of Triassic Metapelites in the Zoigê Area, Western China     

TANG Yan  SANG Longkang  YUAN Yanming  YU Jishun  ZHANG Yunpeng  QI Xianmao  YANG Yunlong 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(1):96-105

X-ray diffraction methods for estimating the metamorphic grade of diagenetic, anchizone and epizone in metapelites are reviewed and applied to samples from a 7000?m+ borehole in western China and surface samples from the surrounding Zoigê area. Kübler’s illite crystallinity (IC) measurements provide more consistent results than calculated values of percentage of illite in the I/S mixed layers and percentage of I/S mixed layers. Down-borehole IC values display a typical burial metamorphic relationship between stratigraphic level and IC. A method for preparing very low grade metamorphic maps is described, and isograds plotted on a regional geological map at selected values of IC, delineating a high temperature diagenetic zone, an anchizone, and an epizone. The map shows that IC values are controlled by stratigraphic level in the north of the study area (i.e. burial metamorphism), and proximity to an igneous intrusive body in the south (i.e. contact metamorphism).  相似文献   

Erratum     

《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(6):391-393

The Monts de Lacaune belong to the south-eastern (external) part of the French Massif Central. They constitute the lowermost unit in the Albigeois Nappe Pile, which is juxtaposed to the S against the gneiss dome (“Zone Axiale”) of the Montagne Noire. The Monts de Lacaune are composed of Cambrian to Silurian sediments, which show very low-grade metamorphic conditions. A multi-method investigation of phyllosilicates (illite and chlorite crystallinity, b cell dimension, K-Ar dating of fine fractions and electron microprobe analysis) permits to distinguish three metamorphic events: M1 (acquired during early folding and nappe stacking, 342-333 Ma), M2 (caused by the rise of the hot Zone Axiale) and M3 (probably caused by post-Variscan intrusions, Permian). The age range obtained for the nappe stacking is intermediate between deformation ages dated in the northern part of the Albigeois Nappe Pile and in the Southern Palaeozoic Nappes (southern Montagne Noire). This conforms to the classical concept of S-ward propagating tectonic accretion in the French Massif Central with a rate of shortening of c. 1.5 cm/year.  相似文献   

Anchimetamorphism of the Neoproterozoic and the Lower Paleozoic along the Profile of Yuanguping in Western Hunan Province, China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

WANG Hejing  CHEN Tao  WANG Huan  ZHANG Zuqing"Orogene  Crust Evolution " Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Chin  School of Earth  Space Sciences  Peking University  Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):170-176

The Neoproterozoic and Lower Paleozoic along the profile of Yuanguping in western Hunan Province, China underwent anchimetamorphism. The illite crystallinity (IC) of the <2 μm fractions ranges from 0.23-0.34°△2θfor the Neoproterozoic to 0.23-0.35°△A2θ for the Lower Paleozoic (calibrated with the Kisch IC set, Kisch, 1991). This indicates that the metamorphic grade of the Neoproterozoic and Lower Paleozoic is the anchizone. The peak metamorphic temperature is estimated to be 290-210℃. This result does not agree with the greenschist or subgreenschist facies of the Banxi Group, nor with the lower-greenschist facies or sedimentary cover of the Sinian to Lower Paleozoic, as most previous researchers thought. The illite (K-mica) b0 values range from 0.9074 to 0.8963 (nm) for the Neoproterozoic and the Lower Paleozoic. Based on cumulative frequency curves of the illite (K-mica) b0, the peak metamorphic pressure of the Banxi Group was derived to be of a type that is slightly higher than that of the N. Ne  相似文献   

海水鲈鱼硬体组织中羟基磷灰石的结晶特性     

苑蕾  王河锦  安佳丽 《地质学报》2017,91(10):2231-2239

海水鲈鱼硬体组织的鳞片、几种骨骼和牙齿均含有生物矿物。运用X射线微区衍射、透射电镜、扫描电镜与能谱测试技术对其做了成分与结构方面的探究。其中X射线微区衍射技术能够无损、原样、有效的获取生命微晶体的结构信息,适合生物矿物研究。结果表明硬体组织中的矿物相均为羟基磷灰石,除蝶骨外,其余组织的羟基磷灰石化学成分呈现缺Ca富P的特征。晶胞参数修正结果得到鳞片中羟基磷灰石a=0.9421~0.9461nm,c=0.6844~0.6907nm,并且,越靠近鳞基,越接近鳞基处的晶胞参数;骨骼中a=0.9438~0.9492nm,c=0.6873~0.6887nm;牙齿中a=0.9470nm,c=0.6883nm。透射电镜观察羟基磷灰石为纳米级别晶粒,由Scherrer公式计算得到晶粒大小为D_鳞=9.4~14.1nm,D_骨=16.2~18.3nm,D_牙=15.1nm,骨骼中羟基磷灰石晶体结晶度最好,其次为牙齿,鳞片中的结晶度最差。X射线衍射图及取向因子R计算结果表明,牙齿、鳞片和骨骼中羟基磷灰石晶体均趋向沿结晶学c轴择优取向生长特点。生物矿物结晶特性(晶体尺寸、结晶度及择优取向)是由组织功能决定并由有机基质调控的结果,以提供生命体良好的机械性能。  相似文献   

粘土矿物地温计在沉积盆地热演化研究中的应用     

王丹萍  杨风丽  江裕标  包汉勇 《四川地质学报》2010,30(3):351-355

在成岩过程中形成的粘土矿物真实地记录了地层形成的成岩温度及其盆地热演化的信息,可以作为沉积盆地的热史指标。本文主要介绍了伊利石/蒙皂石间层矿物（以下简称伊/蒙间层或I/S间层）、伊利石结晶度、绿泥石化学成分三种常用的粘土矿物地温计的发展历史、基本原理和影响因素;回顾了我国沉积盆地热演化研究中粘土矿物地温计的应用现状,并对未来的应用推广工作提出了若干参考建议。  相似文献